![]() ![]() With each keyboard input the extreme right-hand wheel moves one position - before encipherment takes place. Each of these has twenty-six contacts on each of its faces, cross-wired in a random fashion so that the identity of an incoming character is changed three times as it passes through the three wheels, which are in electrical contact, each with its adjacent companion. if A is switched to Z, then Z is switched to A, a weakness that was to be exploited by Allied cryptanalysts.įrom the plugboard the signal then passes to the entry stator which passes it to the first of a series of three wheels. The plugboard substitution is reciprocal - i.e. ![]() If the particular socket does not contain a plug, the identity of the input character is unchanged. The signal leaves the keyboard and passes through a plugboard where, if the plugboard socket contains a connector, its identity is switched in a monoalphabetic substitution. A message to be enciphered is input from a keyboard - QWERTZUIO layout. The 3-wheel Service Enigma consists of a number of components. Potentially, the number of ciphertext alphabets is astronomically large - a fact that led the German military authorities to believe, wrongly as it turned out, in the absolute security of this cipher system.Įnigma's output is a very complex polyalphabetic substitution ciphertext. Enigma is an electro-mechanical device that utilizes a stepping wheel system to 'scramble' a plaintext message to produce ciphertext via polyalphabetic substitution. Invented in 1918, it was developed as both a commercial and military encipherment system before and during the war. The German Enigma is surely the best known of the WW2 cipher machines used by either side in the conflict.
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